Recent advances in
[www.isaaa.org] genome
engineering (GE) have made it possible to precisely alter
[www.isaaa.org] DNA
sequences in plant cells. However, its efficiency depends on the delivery
method of both sequence-specific nucleases and repair templates. Typically,
this is achieved using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation or particle
bombardment, both of which transform only a subset of cells in treated
tissues.

More efficient GE reagents delivery methods are clearly needed if GE is to
become routine. Recently, autonomously replicating virus-based vectors have
been demonstrated as efficient means of delivering GE reagents in plants.
Both DNA viruses and RNA virus have demonstrated efficient gene targeting
frequencies in model plants and crops.

Geminivirus vectors have recently been developed as promising tools to
improve homology-directed repair in plants. However, there are still several
issues needed to be addressed for improvement of this recent technique as
regenerating plants transformed with geminivirus vectors has proven
extremely difficult. Recently developed Tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-mediated
CRISPR-Cas9 delivery system also has the potential to bypass the laborious
and time-consuming tissue culture practices to develop plants with desirable
engineered traits.

Syed Shan-e-Ali Zaidi and Shahid Mansoor from National Institute for
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering in Pakistan discussed the recent
advances in using viral vectors for plant genome engineering, the current
limitations, and future directions.

[journal.frontiersin.org]



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